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Archives Volume-10, Issue-1 (January-June)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paper Title:
Comparative Evaluation of EMB agar and chromogenic Coliform Agar for detection of E.coli in water samples
Author Name:
Sumangala.C.H, BharathiPrakash, Rajathadri, Chethanraj, Sathyanarayana, Nithesh, SunitaSalunke- Gawali
Author Email:
bharatiprakash21@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8195054
Page No.:
1-6
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Comparative Evaluation of EMB agar and chromogenic Coliform Agar for detection of E.coli in water samples
Author: Sumangala.C.H, BharathiPrakash, Rajathadri, Chethanraj, Sathyanarayana, Nithesh, SunitaSalunke- Gawali

Fresh water is essential for life. Water sources like icebergs, bogs, ponds, lakes, rivers, streams percolate underground forming ground water. There are chances that the fresh water sources may get contaminated with faecal matter. Escherichia coli is the most common member of faecal coliforms and an indicator of faecal water contamination.
In this study freshwater samples were collected from Mangalore and analysed for the coliform and mainlyE. coli. Dissolved oxygen (DO) content of water was also calculated.The freshwater samples were seeded inEosin Methylene Blue (EMB) and Hicrome Coliform Agar (HCA)to differentiate E.coli from others coliforms. E.coli on EMB gives metallic sheen colonies and blue coloured colonies on HCA.Out of the HCA and EMB Agar, HCAshowed greater number of, E.coli colonies alongwith other coliforms. Lowered DO in the water indicates high amount of microbial activity degrading organic matter. Thus water samples with higher colony count on HCA correlated with the low DO content.Hence the HiCrome Coliform Agar can be used for the selective,rapid and qualitative identification of E. coli from the water samples.

Paper Title:
Exploring hydrocarbon degrading ability of bacteria isolated from engine oil polluted soil
Author Name:
Chaithra. J. Rai, BharathiPrakash, Girish S K
Author Email:
bharatiprakash21@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8195112
Page No.:
7-13
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Exploring hydrocarbon degrading ability of bacteria isolated from engine oil polluted soil
Author: Chaithra. J. Rai, BharathiPrakash, Girish S K

This study was conducted to assess the capabilities of bacterial isolates obtained from oil-polluted sites with waste engine oil. Engine oil is made of crude petroleum, it mainly consists of hydrocarbons which includes aliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkyl compounds, resins etc. and trace amounts of Sulphur or nitrogen. To treat these toxic pollutants bioremediation is an environment friendly approach toreduce their intensity of toxicity.

Paper Title:
Guar Gum A Potential Material For Pharmacological And Industrial Application
Author Name:
Raman Deep, Purnima Sharma, Pardeep Kumar
Author Email:
rramandeep667@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8195126
Page No.:
14-34
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Guar Gum A Potential Material For Pharmacological And Industrial Application
Author: Raman Deep, Purnima Sharma, Pardeep Kumar

Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub, familiarly called guar, is a drought-tolerant leguminous crop, cultivated throughout the semi-arid and sub-tropical areas of the world. Plant pods, leaves, and stems possess a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-diabetic, anti-alzheimer, anti-ulcer, antioxidant, anti-dengue, anti-cancer, and so on. Guar gum is a noval agrochemical refined from the seed endosperm of clusterbean; this complex polysaccharide is made of D-mannose and D-galactose monosaccharide units. This hydroxyl group-rich polymer establishes hydrogen bonds with water molecules, thus making it a good thickening and stabilising agent. Innocuous, budget-friendly, and easily available polysaccharides join other components in either functionalized or unmodified forms to create a variety of nanocomposites. These nanocomposites are used as an ingredient in the culinary, pharmaceutical, paper, textile, explosive, oil, and cosmetic industries and also for the removal of water impurities. The chemically modified guar gum is used in pharmaceuticals as a vehicle to carry drugs and for the adsorption or degradation of heavy metals, dyes, and organic pollutants. The Guar gum derivatives are also used as a green binder and separator for sodium and lithium ion batteries. This review is an effort to focus on the processing, pharmacological activities, and application of Guar gum and its nanocomposites.

Paper Title:
Exploring the Phytochemical composition and Pharmacological efficacies of Viola odorata: A Comprehensive Review
Author Name:
Sonia Yadav, Munish Sharma, Shilpa, Munish Sharma
Author Email:
munishptc@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8195140
Page No.:
35-51
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Exploring the Phytochemical composition and Pharmacological efficacies of Viola odorata: A Comprehensive Review
Author: Sonia Yadav, Munish Sharma, Shilpa, Munish Sharma

V. odorata Linn., commonly referred to as "sweet violet," is a plant belonging to the violaceae family and has been utilized for its medicinal properties in Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine since ancient times. It is indigenous to Europe and Asia. In India, it is commonly known as Banafsa, Banafsha, or Banaksa with multitude of medicinal applications. V. odorata is involved in many traditional practices for the treatment of various ailments such as fever, cough, the common cold, headache, sleeplessness, epilepsy, constipation, heart palpitations, difficult or painful urination, breathing difficulties, and skin issues. All parts of the sweet violet plant have medicinal value and possess various biological properties, including sedative, diuretic, laxative, anti-asthmatic, anti-dyslipidemic, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, anticancer, antifungal, and antitubercular activities.

Paper Title:
Diversity of Haloalkaliphiles from Hypersaline environment- A Review
Author Name:
Anupama P. Pathak, Makarand N. Cherekar
Author Email:
anupama.micro@rediffmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8195134
Page No.:
52-71
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Diversity of Haloalkaliphiles from Hypersaline environment- A Review
Author: Anupama P. Pathak, Makarand N. Cherekar

Haloalkaliphilic bacteria are organisms which thrive in both high salt concentration and high pH habitats, such as soda lakes, soda desserts and saline and alkaline environments. These microorganisms are distributed among diverse groups in the domains bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Special mechanisms for adapt to both high pH and high salt concentration make the haloalkaliphiles more attractive for basic type of research and for applications in industrial biotechnology viz the production of valuable enzymes, pigments, compatible solutes, biodegradation and exo-polysaccharides. The aim of this review is to provide diversity of these organisms from such various extreme environments those are distributed worldwide to provide database for discussion to current and future biotechnological and environmental aspects.

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